Kavach is an indigenous ___ developed by the Ministry of Railways in India.

(a) Train collision prevention system
(b) Automatic Train Protection System
(c) Anti-collision technology
(d) Railway safety initiative

Ans.(b)
Sol. Kavach is an indigenous Automatic Train Protection System developed by the Ministry of Railways in India. The Research Designs and Standards Organisation (RDSO) collaborated with three Indian vendors to create Kavach, which assists locomotive pilots in avoiding Signal Passing At Danger (SPAD) and over speeding, while also aiding train operation during adverse weather conditions such as dense fog. By automatically applying brakes when necessary, Kavach ensures better control of train speed and prevents potential accidents.