{"id":62479,"date":"2021-12-02T07:49:56","date_gmt":"2021-12-02T07:49:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.gkseries.com\/blog\/?p=62479"},"modified":"2021-12-02T07:49:57","modified_gmt":"2021-12-02T07:49:57","slug":"evolution-of-basic-structure-of-constitution-part-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.gkseries.com\/blog\/evolution-of-basic-structure-of-constitution-part-2\/","title":{"rendered":"EVOLUTION OF BASIC STRUCTURE OF CONSTITUTION. [ PART 2 ]: UPSC Daily Important Topic | 2 December 2021"},"content":{"rendered":"\n\n\n<p><strong>1. 24th AMENDMENT OF CONSTITUTION.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 The Parliament reacted to the Supreme Court\u2019s judgement in the Golak Nath case (1967) by enacting the 24th Amendment Act (1971). This Act amended Articles 13 and 368.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 It declared that the Parliament has the power to abridge or take away any of the Fundamental Rights under Article 368 and such an act will not be a law under the meaning of Article 13.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2. KESAVANANDA BHARATI CASE.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 In the Kesavananda Bharati case (1973), the Supreme Court overruled its judgement in the Golak Nath case<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>(1967). It upheld the validity of the 24th Amendment Act (1971) and stated that Parliament is empowered to abridge or take away any of the Fundamental Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 At the same time, it laid down new doctrine of the \u2018basic structure\u2019 of the Constitution. It ruled that the constituent power of Parliament under Article 368 does not enable it to alter the \u2018basic structure\u2019 of the Constitution.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>3. 42nd AMENDMENT<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 The Parliament reacted to this judicially innovated doctrine of \u2018basic structure\u2019 by enacting the 42nd Amendment Act (1976).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022 This Act amended Article 368 and declared that there is no limitation on the constituent power of Parliament and no amendment can be questioned in any court on any ground including that of the contravention of any of the Fundamental Rights.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>4. MINERVA MILL CASE.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u2022&nbsp; The Supreme Court in the Minerva Mills case (1980) invalidated this provision as it excluded judicial review which is a \u2018basic feature\u2019 of the Constitution. Applying the doctrine of \u2018basic structure\u2019 with respect to Article 368.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1. 24th AMENDMENT OF CONSTITUTION. \u2022 The Parliament reacted to the Supreme Court\u2019s judgement in the Golak Nath case (1967) by enacting the 24th Amendment Act (1971). This Act amended Articles 13 and 368. \u2022 It declared that the Parliament has the power to abridge or take away any of the Fundamental Rights under Article [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":894,"featured_media":62480,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[1755],"tags":[1797],"class_list":["post-62479","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-upsc-important-topics","tag-upsc-daily-important-topic"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gkseries.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62479","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gkseries.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gkseries.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gkseries.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/894"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gkseries.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=62479"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.gkseries.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62479\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":62481,"href":"https:\/\/www.gkseries.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/62479\/revisions\/62481"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gkseries.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/62480"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gkseries.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=62479"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gkseries.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=62479"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gkseries.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=62479"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}