Convectional rainfall or vapor-induced rainfall is caused by the rising of air caused due to its expansion from adiabatic cooling, resulting in the expulsion of moisture from the rising air. It is more commonly known as Steam-induced rain, especially if it is associated with a surface steam explosion. Such thunderstorms usually develop during short-lived temperature […]

Precipitation is the process of continuous condensation in free air. The condensed particles grow in size and fall onto the earth’s surface. It rains due to the disruption of the temperature gradient and continuous condensation. The heat from the earth’s surface is incapable of entering into it, as a result of which rain clouds are

Evaporation is the phenomenon in which an individual substance is transformed into gas. It occurs in almost all cases in nature, but during this process, some latent heat is also released, which causes the transformation of water to occur in a continuous manner. Latent heat in vaporisation comes in many forms, but it primarily depends

Water is present in the atmosphere in three forms namely – gaseous, liquid and solid. The moisture in the atmosphere is derived from water bodies through evaporation and from plants through transpiration. Water vapour present in the air is known as humidity. Solid form of water is one which you cannot see with your bare

A thunderstorm is a storm that produces lightning and thunder, and sometimes heavy rain. Due to the lightning and thunder of a passing storm, it is often referred to as a squall line or a lightning storm. Depending on the nature of the lightning, a thunderstorm may be called a thunder and lightning storm or

Since the atmosphere is heated from above by direct solar radiation, it heats the Earth’s surface unevenly. The tropics are hot, but are hotter further south due to proximity to the equator. The extra heat makes the air rise there. The hot air moves away from the equatorial regions, generally northward or southward toward the

Wind is a meteorological phenomenon in which there is a flow of air in the atmosphere, called wind. It happens when the sun heats the ground or ocean or water to a temperature higher than that of adjacent regions. This difference in temperature generates thermal currents, i.e., an uneven heating of the ground and water

Sea level pressure is a measurement that is done in millibars or hectopascals. It is also known as atmospheric pressure. It is the average pressure of the air over a given area. Along 30° N and 30° S are found the high-pressure areas known as the subtropical highs. Further pole wards along 60° N and

Atmospheric pressure is the force exerted on a surface by the weight of air above that surface. The total atmospheric pressure at sea level is the average of the air pressure at the Earth’s surface and the air pressure at sea level. The atmospheric pressure is expressed in units of milibar. At sea level the