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Free download in PDF Paediatric Surgery Multiple Choice Questions(MCQs) & Answers for competitive exams. These short objective type questions with answers are very important for Board exams as well as competitive exams. These short solved questions or quizzes are provided by Gkseries.
(1)
Polyhydramnios is frequently observed in all of the following conditions except:
[A]
Esophageal atresia.
[B]
Duodenal atresia.
[C]
Pyloric atresia.
[D]
Hirschsprung's disease.
Answer: Hirschsprung's disease.
(2)
In neonates with congenital diaphragmatic hernia, which of the following statements is true?
[A]
The defect is more common on the right side.
[B]
Survival is significantly improved by administration of pulmonary vasodilators.
[C]
An oxygen index of 20 is an indication for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).
[D]
Mortality is the result of pulmonary hypoplasia.
Answer: Mortality is the result of pulmonary hypoplasia.
(3)
In neonates with necrotizing enterocolitis, which of the following findings is an indication of significant bowel ischemia?
[A]
Increased gastric residuals.
[B]
Septic shock.
[C]
Cardiac failure due to a patent ductus arteriosus.
[D]
Erythema of the abdominal wall.
Answer: Erythema of the abdominal wall.
(4)
The treatment of choice for neonates with uncomplicated meconium ileus is:
[A]
Observation.
[B]
Emergency laparotomy, bowel resection, and Bishop-Koop enterostomy.
[C]
Intravenous hydration and a gastrograffin enema.
[D]
Emergency laparotomy, bowel resection, and anastomosis.
Answer: Intravenous hydration and a gastrograffin enema.
(5)
The pentalogy of Cantrell includes all of the following except:
[A]
Epigastric omphalocele.
[B]
Sternal cleft.
[C]
Intracardiac defect.
[D]
Pericardial cyst.
Answer: Pericardial cyst.
(6)
In infants with duodenal atresia all the following statements are true except:
[A]
There is an increased incidence of Down syndrome.
[B]
Duodenal atresia can be detected by prenatal ultrasound examination.
[C]
It may occur in infants with situs inversus, malrotation, annular pancreas, and anterior portal vein.
[D]
It is best treated by gastroenterostomy.
Answer: It is best treated by gastroenterostomy.
(7)
The initial treatment of choice for a 2.5-kg. infant with a 20.0-cm. long proximal jejunal atresia and 8.0 cm. of distal ileum is:
[A]
Laparotomy, nasogastric suction, proximal dilatation to lengthen the atretic jejunum, total parenteral nutrition, and delayed anastomosis.
[B]
Laparotomy and proximal end-jejunostomy.
[C]
Laparotomy and immediate small bowel transplantation.
[D]
Laparotomy, tapering jejunoplasty, and end-to-oblique jejunoileal anastomosis.
(8)
A 2.8-kg. neonate with excessive salivation develops respiratory distress. Attempts to pass an orogastric catheter fail because the catheter coils in the back of the throat. A chest film is obtained and shows right upper lobe atelectasis and a gasless abdomen. The most likely diagnosis is:
[A]
Proximal esophageal atresia without a fistula.
[B]
Proximal esophageal atresia with a distal tracheoesophageal (TE) fistula.
[C]
“H-type” TE fistula.
[D]
Esophageal atresia with both proximal and distal TE fistula.
Answer: Proximal esophageal atresia without a fistula.
(9)
Neonates with NEC may demonstrate all of the following findings on abdominal films except:
[A]
Pneumatosis intestinalis.
[B]
Portal vein air.
[C]
Pneumoperitoneum.
[D]
Colovesical fistula.
Answer: Colovesical fistula.
(10)
The most common type of congenital diaphragmatic hernia is caused by:
[A]
A defect in the central tendon.
[B]
Eventration of the diaphragm in the fetus.
[C]
A defect through the space of Larrey.
[D]
A defect through the pleuroperitoneal fold.
Answer: A defect through the pleuroperitoneal fold.
(11)
The calorie-nitrogen ratio for an infant should be maintained at:
[A]
75:1.
[B]
100:1.
[C]
50:1
[D]
150:1
(12)
All of the following conditions are derived from the primitive embryonic foregut except:
[A]
Bronchogenic cyst.
[B]
Cystic adenomatoid malformation.
[C]
Gastric duplication
[D]
Mesenteric cyst
(13)
For a 22-kg infant, the maintenance daily fluid requirement is approximately which of the following?
[A]
1100 ml
[B]
1250 ml
[C]
1550 ml
[D]
1700 ml
(14)
A term infant 48 hours of age suddenly develops hypoxemia, irritability, and glucose and temperature instability. Which of the following statements are true?
[A]
Empiric antibiotic coverage for b-hemolytic Streptococci and Escherichia coli should be initiated
[B]
An intravenous infusion of prostaglandin E1 should be initiated immediately
[C]
The mortality rate for this child is approximately 50%
[D]
Both A and C
(15)
Which of the following statements about pulmonary surfactant are true?
[A]
Endogenous surfactant deficiency is the key physiologic problem in preterm infants with the infant respiratory distress syndrome
[B]
Surfactant function can be restored to normal using aerosolized phosphatidylcholine administration
[C]
Exogenous surfactant replacement has been shown to reduce mortality in preterm infants with the infant respiratory distress syndrome
[D]
Both A and C
(16)
Other than the history and physical exam, which of the following tests is considered an essential feature of the preoperative evaluation of a patient with a suspected thyroglossal duct cyst?
[A]
Cervical ultrasound
[B]
Thyroid scan
[C]
Serum T3 and T4 levels
[D]
None of the above
Answer: None of the above
(17)
Branchial cleft remnants most often present with which of the following clinical problems?
[A]
Infection
[B]
Airway obstruction
[C]
Hemorrhage
[D]
Malignant degeneration
(18)
Proximity to which of the following structures places it at risk during surgical excision of a second branchial cleft remnant?
[A]
Internal carotid artery
[B]
External carotid artery
[C]
Hypoglossal nerve
[D]
All of the above
(19)
Standard therapy for acute epiglottitis in a child is:
[A]
Tracheostomy
[B]
Intravenous antibiotic treatment in an ICU setting
[C]
Endotracheal intubation in the operating room and intravenous antibiotic therapy
[D]
Indirect laryngoscopy and intravenous antibiotics
Answer: Endotracheal intubation in the operating room and intravenous antibiotic therapy
(20)
Of the following cystic malformations of the tracheobronchial tree, which is most likely to be asymptomatic when discovered?
[A]
Intralobar pulmonary sequestration
[B]
Extralobar pulmonary sequestration
[C]
Congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation
[D]
Congenital lobar emphysema
Answer: Extralobar pulmonary sequestration
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