Assam Budget and Economic Survey MCQs 2026–27: 50 Questions
Prepare for APSC Prelims, ADRE, Assam Police and other Assam government recruitment examinations with these 50 multiple-choice questions on the Assam Economic Survey 2025–26 and Assam Budget 2026–27. The set covers GSDP, per capita income, State finances, fiscal deficit, budget estimates, sectoral allocations, tea-industry proposals, infrastructure, welfare schemes and flood-related data.
The questions include direct facts and statement-based items, with answer explanations and revision points to help you understand key terms as well as remember figures.
Overview
This MCQ set reviews important facts from the Economic Survey, Assam, 2025–26 and the Assam Budget for 2026–27, presented by Finance Minister Jayanta Malla Baruah on 10 July 2026. Survey topics include Assam’s GSDP estimates, per capita income, GSVA composition, industry and the 2025 flood season. Budget questions cover fiscal indicators, State receipts, infrastructure proposals and allocations for sectors such as education, health, agriculture, police and rural water supply.
Assam Budget and Economic Survey MCQs
MCQ No. 1: Assam Economic Survey — publishing directorate
Question: Which Assam Government directorate publishes the Economic Survey of Assam?
(a) Directorate of Economics and Statistics
(b) Directorate of Tea Tribes Welfare
(c) Directorate of Audit
(d) Directorate of Agriculture
Correct Answer: (a) Directorate of Economics and Statistics
Detailed Explanation: The Directorate of Economics and Statistics (DES), Government of Assam, publishes the State’s Economic Survey. The Survey compiles economic and statistical information used to assess the State’s performance and inform policy. The DES website lists the Economic Survey, Assam, 2025–26 among its publications.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Correct. The DES is the publishing authority.
(b): Incorrect. The Directorate of Tea Tribes Welfare deals with welfare programmes for tea tribes.
(c): Incorrect. Audit institutions examine public accounts; they do not publish Assam’s Economic Survey.
(d): Incorrect. The Directorate of Agriculture administers agriculture-related matters, not the State-wide Survey.
Key Points for Revision
- The Directorate of Economics and Statistics is a Government of Assam body.
- The Survey provides statistical and economic information about the State.
- The latest edition available at the cutoff date is Economic Survey, Assam, 2025–26.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests the agency responsible for a key state report.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember DES as the publisher of Assam’s Economic Survey.
MCQ No. 2: Assam’s nominal GSDP — 2025–26
Question: According to the Economic Survey, Assam, 2025–26, what was Assam’s estimated Gross State Domestic Product (GSDP) at current prices for 2025–26?
(a) ₹6,43,383 crore
(b) ₹7,45,293 crore
(c) ₹3,84,433 crore
(d) ₹8,71,451 crore
Correct Answer: (b) ₹7,45,293 crore
Detailed Explanation: The Survey gives Assam’s GSDP at current prices for 2025–26 as ₹7,45,293 crore, based on advance estimates. Current-price estimates include the effect of price changes, so they are nominal figures. The ₹3,84,433 crore figure is the GSDP at constant 2011–12 prices, while ₹8,71,451 crore is the projection for 2026–27.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Incorrect. This is the 2024–25 quick estimate at current prices.
(b): Correct. This is the 2025–26 advance estimate at current prices.
(c): Incorrect. This is the 2025–26 estimate at constant prices.
(d): Incorrect. This is the projected GSDP at current prices for 2026–27.
Key Points for Revision
- 2025–26 GSDP at current prices: ₹7,45,293 crore (advance estimate).
- 2025–26 GSDP at constant prices: ₹3,84,433 crore.
- 2026–27 GSDP at current prices: projected at ₹8,71,451 crore.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Distinguish current-price estimates from constant-price estimates and projections.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember the 2025–26 current-price GSDP figure.
MCQ No. 3: Real GSDP growth
Question: Which statement correctly describes Assam’s estimated GSDP growth at constant 2011–12 prices in 2025–26?
(a) It was estimated at 15.84%.
(b) It was estimated at 8.00%.
(c) It was estimated at 10.12%.
(d) It was estimated at 16.93%.
Correct Answer: (c) It was estimated at 10.12%.
Detailed Explanation: The Survey estimates Assam’s real GSDP growth for 2025–26 at 10.12% over the preceding year, using constant 2011–12 prices. Constant-price estimates help assess changes in output after accounting for price changes. The Survey separately reports nominal growth of 15.84% at current prices; the 16.93% figure is a projection for 2026–27 at current prices.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Incorrect. This is the estimated growth at current prices for 2025–26.
(b): Incorrect. This is the estimated growth of India’s GDP at current prices, not Assam’s real GSDP growth.
(c): Correct. The Survey reports 10.12% growth at constant prices for Assam in 2025–26.
(d): Incorrect. This is the projected current-price growth rate for Assam in 2026–27.
Key Points for Revision
- “Real” growth is measured using constant prices.
- Assam’s 2025–26 estimated real GSDP growth: 10.12%.
- Assam’s 2025–26 estimated nominal GSDP growth: 15.84%.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests the distinction between nominal and real growth.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember 10.12% as the 2025–26 constant-price growth estimate.
MCQ No. 4: Per capita income at current prices
Question: What per capita income did the Economic Survey, Assam, 2025–26 estimate for Assam at current prices in 2025–26?
(a) ₹93,351
(b) ₹1,60,417
(c) ₹1,85,429
(d) ₹2,09,350
Correct Answer: (c) ₹1,85,429
Detailed Explanation: The Survey estimates Assam’s per capita income at current prices at ₹1,85,429 for 2025–26. It compares this with ₹1,60,417 for 2024–25, a reported increase of 15.59%. At constant prices, the corresponding 2025–26 estimate is ₹93,351, which measures income after adjusting for price changes.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Incorrect. This is the 2025–26 estimate at constant prices.
(b): Incorrect. This is the 2024–25 quick estimate at current prices.
(c): Correct. This is the 2025–26 advance estimate at current prices.
(d): Incorrect. This is not the Survey’s stated 2025–26 estimate.
Key Points for Revision
- Current-price per capita income is a nominal measure.
- Assam’s 2025–26 estimate: ₹1,85,429 at current prices.
- At constant prices, the estimate was ₹93,351.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests interpretation of current-price and constant-price indicators.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember ₹1,85,429 as the 2025–26 current-price estimate.
MCQ No. 5: Assam’s GSDP share in India’s GDP
Question: According to the Economic Survey, Assam, 2025–26, Assam’s share in India’s GDP at current prices was estimated to reach which level in 2025–26?
(a) 1.64%
(b) 1.90%
(c) 2.09%
(d) 2.50%
Correct Answer: (c) 2.09%
Detailed Explanation: The Survey reports that Assam’s share in India’s GDP at current prices rose from 1.65% in 2016–17 to 2.09% in 2025–26 (advance estimate). At constant 2011–12 prices, the State’s share increased from 1.64% to 1.90% over the same comparison period. These are distinct measures, so the price basis matters when answering.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Incorrect. This was Assam’s share at constant prices in 2016–17.
(b): Incorrect. This is the reported 2025–26 share at constant prices.
(c): Correct. This is the reported 2025–26 share at current prices.
(d): Incorrect. The Survey does not give 2.50% as Assam’s share for this measure and year.
Key Points for Revision
- Current-price share: 1.65% in 2016–17 to 2.09% in 2025–26 (AE).
- Constant-price share: 1.64% in 2016–17 to 1.90% in 2025–26 (AE).
- Always note the price basis attached to GDP/GSDP comparisons.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests data interpretation and nominal-versus-real comparisons.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember 2.09% as the 2025–26 current-price estimate.
MCQ No. 6: Revenue receipts in Budget Estimates 2025–26
Question: In the 2025–26 Budget Estimates cited in the Economic Survey, Assam, 2025–26, which pairing correctly shows the expected sources of Assam’s revenue receipts?
(a) State resources: ₹74,041.69 crore; Centre: ₹43,184.28 crore
(b) State resources: ₹43,184.28 crore; Centre: ₹74,041.69 crore
(c) State resources: ₹96,907.91 crore; Centre: ₹20,318.06 crore
(d) State resources: ₹1,17,225.97 crore; Centre: ₹43,184.28 crore
Correct Answer: (b) State resources: ₹43,184.28 crore; Centre: ₹74,041.69 crore
Detailed Explanation: For 2025–26, Assam’s revenue receipts were budgeted at about ₹1,17,225.97 crore. The Survey states that ₹43,184.28 crore was expected from the State’s own resources and ₹74,041.69 crore from the Centre. These are budget estimates, so they should not be confused with actual receipts or later revised estimates.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Incorrect. It reverses the State-resource and Centre-source amounts.
(b): Correct. These are the two source amounts stated in the Survey.
(c): Incorrect. ₹96,907.91 crore is associated with the 2024–25 revised estimate of revenue receipts, not the stated State/Centre split for 2025–26.
(d): Incorrect. ₹1,17,225.97 crore is the total revenue-receipt estimate, not the State’s own-resource amount.
Key Points for Revision
- 2025–26 revenue receipts (BE): about ₹1,17,225.97 crore.
- Expected from State resources: ₹43,184.28 crore.
- Expected from the Centre: ₹74,041.69 crore.
- BE means Budget Estimate; it is not a final actual.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests budget terminology and the composition of State receipts.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember that the Centre’s estimated contribution was larger than the State-resource component.
MCQ No. 7: Assam Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management Act
Question: Which of the following is a stated purpose of the Assam Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management Act, 2005?
(a) To regulate the annual production and sale of tea
(b) To establish the State Finance Commission
(c) To manage the State’s fiscal stability and improve transparency in public-finance management
(d) To determine the annual GSDP estimates independently of DES
Correct Answer: (c) To manage the State’s fiscal stability and improve transparency in public-finance management
Detailed Explanation: The Assam Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management Act, 2005 sets out responsibilities relating to fiscal stability, sustainability, efficiency and transparency in managing State public finances. The Act also refers to prudent debt management and reducing fiscal deficit. It is the State’s fiscal-management law, not a sector-specific agriculture or statistical-estimation law.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Incorrect. The Act does not regulate tea production or sales.
(b): Incorrect. The Act is not the law establishing the State Finance Commission.
(c): Correct. Fiscal stability and transparent public-finance management are among its stated purposes.
(d): Incorrect. The Act does not assign DES estimates to an independent statutory authority.
Key Points for Revision
- Full title: The Assam Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management Act, 2005.
- It concerns fiscal stability, sustainability, transparency and prudent debt management.
- The Act defines the “Annual Budget” with reference to Article 202 of the Constitution.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests the purpose and scope of a State fiscal law.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember the Act’s 2005 year and its public-finance focus.
MCQ No. 8: Constitutional provision for a State budget
Question: Under which Article of the Constitution of India is the Annual Financial Statement of a State laid before its Legislature?
(a) Article 200
(b) Article 202
(c) Article 112
(d) Article 280
Correct Answer: (b) Article 202
Detailed Explanation: Article 202 provides for the Annual Financial Statement of a State to be laid before the State Legislature. The Assam Finance Department’s budget information identifies the State budget as the Annual Financial Statement showing estimated receipts and expenditure. Article 112 concerns the Union Government’s Annual Financial Statement, while Article 280 relates to the Finance Commission.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Incorrect. Article 200 concerns a Governor’s assent to Bills.
(b): Correct. Article 202 concerns the State’s Annual Financial Statement.
(c): Incorrect. Article 112 is the corresponding provision for the Union Government’s Annual Financial Statement.
(d): Incorrect. Article 280 provides for the Finance Commission.
Key Points for Revision
- State Annual Financial Statement: Article 202.
- Union Annual Financial Statement: Article 112.
- The State budget is presented to the State Legislature.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Common constitutional comparison between Articles 112 and 202.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember Article 202 for a State budget.
MCQ No. 9: Advance, quick and provisional estimates
Question: Consider the following statements about estimates used in the Economic Survey, Assam, 2025–26:
- Advance Estimates (AE) indicate how the economy or sector is expected to perform in the ongoing or upcoming financial year.
- Quick Estimates (QE) are revised advance estimates based on the availability of additional data.
- Provisional Estimates (PE) are final actuals that cannot be revised.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Correct Answer: (a) 1 and 2 only
Detailed Explanation: The Survey explains that AE are estimates of expected performance based on earlier performance and indicators. QE are revised AE subject to data availability. PE are revised QE that are compared with MoSPI estimates and subject to State Government approval; therefore, they are not described as estimates that cannot be revised.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Correct. Statements 1 and 2 match the Survey’s definitions.
(b): Incorrect. Statement 3 is wrong because PE are not defined as unrevisable final actuals.
(c): Incorrect. Statement 2 is correct, but statement 3 is not.
(d): Incorrect. Statement 3 makes the combination incorrect.
Key Points for Revision
- AE: expected performance for the ongoing or upcoming year.
- QE: revised AE, subject to data availability.
- PE: revised QE, subject to comparison with MoSPI and State Government approval.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests statistical terminology used in GSDP and income estimates.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember the order AE → QE → PE and the fact that estimates may be revised.
MCQ No. 10: Presentation of the Assam Budget 2025–26
Question: Who presented the Assam Budget for 2025–26, and on what date?
(a) Himanta Biswa Sarma — 1 February 2025
(b) Ajanta Neog — 10 March 2025
(c) Ajanta Neog — 1 April 2025
(d) Atul Bora — 10 March 2025
Correct Answer: (b) Ajanta Neog — 10 March 2025
Detailed Explanation: The 2025–26 Assam Budget was presented by Finance Minister Ajanta Neog on 10 March 2025. The budget speech and related documents were issued as Assam Budget 2025–26 materials. The date and presenter are useful historical facts; they should not be confused with the presentation of the Union Budget or a later Assam budget.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Incorrect. This mixes the Union Budget’s presentation date with the Assam Finance Minister’s name.
(b): Correct. Ajanta Neog presented the State budget on 10 March 2025.
(c): Incorrect. The budget was presented on 10 March, not 1 April.
(d): Incorrect. The date is correct, but the named presenter is not.
Key Points for Revision
- Assam Budget 2025–26: presented on 10 March 2025.
- Presenter: Finance Minister Ajanta Neog.
- Budget Estimates, Revised Estimates and actuals refer to different stages of public-finance reporting.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests budget chronology and the identity of the State Finance Minister at presentation.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember the date: 10 March 2025.
MCQ No. 11: Largest individual sectoral group in Assam’s GSVA
Question: According to the Economic Survey, Assam, 2025–26, which sectoral group had the largest share of Assam’s Gross State Value Added (GSVA) at current prices in 2025–26 (advance estimate)?
(a) Agriculture, forestry and fishing
(b) Public administration, defence and other services
(c) Trade, hotels, transport, communication and broadcasting-related services
(d) Services (Tertiary)
Correct Answer: (d) Services (Tertiary)
Detailed Explanation: The Services sector had the largest share of Assam’s Gross State Value Added (GSVA) at current prices in 2025–26 (advance estimate), accounting for 44.00% of the total. The Survey estimates agriculture, forestry and fishing at 20.5% of Assam’s GSVA at current prices in 2025–26. Public administration, defence and other services accounted for 19.1%, while trade, hotels, transport, communication and broadcasting-related services accounted for 17.7%. These are individual sectoral groups, so they should not be confused with the combined share of broad economic sectors.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Incorrect. Its estimated GSVA share was 20.5%, the largest among the listed groups.
(b): Incorrect. Its share was 19.1%.
(c): Incorrect. Its share was 17.7%.
(d): Correct. Its share was 44.00% (largest contributor)
Key Points for Revision
- Agriculture, forestry and fishing: 20.5% of Assam’s GSVA (2025–26 AE).
- Public administration, defence and other services: 19.1%.
- Trade, hotels, transport and related services: 17.7%.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests interpretation of sectoral GSVA data.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember agriculture, forestry and fishing as the largest listed group.
MCQ No. 12: Revenue balance in the 2026–27 Budget
Question: The 2026–27 Assam Budget estimated a revenue balance. What does this mean?
(a) Revenue receipts equal revenue expenditure
(b) Capital receipts equal capital expenditure
(c) Total receipts equal total expenditure, including borrowings
(d) The State has no outstanding public debt
Correct Answer: (a) Revenue receipts equal revenue expenditure
Detailed Explanation: A revenue balance means revenue receipts and revenue expenditure are equal, so there is neither a revenue surplus nor a revenue deficit. The 2026–27 Assam Budget estimates a revenue balance. This indicator is distinct from the fiscal deficit, which compares total expenditure with total receipts.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Correct. This describes a revenue balance.
(b): Incorrect. The revenue balance does not compare capital receipts with capital expenditure.
(c): Incorrect. This describes a broader budget balance and includes capital and borrowing items.
(d): Incorrect. A revenue balance does not mean the State has no debt.
Key Points for Revision
- Revenue balance: revenue receipts equal revenue expenditure.
- Revenue deficit: revenue expenditure exceeds revenue receipts.
- The 2026–27 Assam Budget estimated a revenue balance.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests the distinction between revenue and fiscal indicators.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember that revenue balance means neither revenue surplus nor deficit.
MCQ No. 13: Fiscal deficit target for 2026–27
Question: What fiscal deficit did Assam target for 2026–27, as a percentage of GSDP?
(a) 1.6%
(b) 3.0%
(c) 4.4%
(d) 6.7%
Correct Answer: (b) 3.0%
Detailed Explanation: The 2026–27 Assam Budget targets a fiscal deficit of ₹26,186 crore, or 3% of GSDP. Fiscal deficit is the excess of total expenditure over total receipts, excluding borrowings; it indicates the government’s borrowing requirement. PRS notes that the 16th Finance Commission recommended a 3% of GSDP fiscal deficit target for states for 2026–31.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Incorrect. This is the 2026–27 primary deficit as a percentage of GSDP.
(b): Correct. The fiscal deficit target is 3% of GSDP.
(c): Incorrect. This was Assam’s fiscal deficit as a percentage of GSDP in 2024–25 actuals.
(d): Incorrect. This was the 2025–26 revised estimate of fiscal deficit as a percentage of GSDP.
Key Points for Revision
- Fiscal deficit target for Assam, 2026–27: 3% of GSDP.
- Amount: ₹26,186 crore.
- Fiscal deficit represents the borrowing requirement arising from the gap between expenditure and receipts.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests fiscal-deficit calculation and interpretation.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember the 3% target for 2026–27.
MCQ No. 14: Capital outlay in Assam’s 2026–27 Budget
Question: How much capital outlay did Assam propose for 2026–27?
(a) ₹26,404 crore
(b) ₹29,451 crore
(c) ₹38,459 crore
(d) ₹1,18,562 crore
Correct Answer: (b) ₹29,451 crore
Detailed Explanation: Assam proposed capital outlay of ₹29,451 crore in 2026–27. Capital outlay is expenditure directed towards creating assets, such as roads and buildings. The 2025–26 revised estimate was ₹38,459 crore, while ₹1,18,562 crore is the 2026–27 revenue expenditure estimate.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Incorrect. This was the capital outlay actual for 2024–25.
(b): Correct. This is the 2026–27 budget estimate.
(c): Incorrect. This was the 2025–26 revised estimate.
(d): Incorrect. This is the 2026–27 revenue expenditure estimate.
Key Points for Revision
- Capital outlay, 2026–27: ₹29,451 crore.
- Revenue expenditure, 2026–27: ₹1,18,562 crore.
- Capital outlay supports asset creation, including infrastructure.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests the difference between capital outlay and revenue expenditure.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember ₹29,451 crore as the 2026–27 capital-outlay estimate.
MCQ No. 15: Budget Estimates and Revised Estimates
Question: Consider the following statements about Assam’s budget figures for 2025–26:
- The Budget Estimate for fiscal deficit was 3.7% of GSDP.
- The Revised Estimate for fiscal deficit was 6.7% of GSDP.
- Both figures are actual audited outcomes for the completed financial year.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 2 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Correct Answer: (c) 1 and 2 only
Detailed Explanation: PRS reports that Assam’s 2025–26 fiscal deficit was budgeted at 3.7% of GSDP, while the revised estimate was 6.7%. Budget Estimates are planned figures, while Revised Estimates update those figures during the financial year. Neither should automatically be treated as the final actual outcome.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Incorrect. Statement 2 is also correct.
(b): Incorrect. Statement 1 is also correct.
(c): Correct. Statements 1 and 2 are correct; statement 3 is not.
(d): Incorrect. Statement 3 wrongly calls both figures actual audited outcomes.
Key Points for Revision
- BE means Budget Estimate.
- RE means Revised Estimate.
- Assam’s 2025–26 fiscal deficit: 3.7% of GSDP (BE); 6.7% (RE).
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests fiscal reporting stages and the interpretation of revised estimates.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Do not treat BE or RE figures as final actuals.
MCQ No. 16: State GST as a source of Assam’s own tax revenue
Question: Which tax was estimated to be Assam’s largest source of own tax revenue in 2026–27?
(a) State GST
(b) Taxes on vehicles
(c) State excise
(d) Land revenue
Correct Answer: (a) State GST
Detailed Explanation: State GST (SGST) was estimated to account for 52% of Assam’s own tax revenue in 2026–27, making it the largest source in that category. The budget analysis also estimates SGST revenue at ₹18,674 crore. This concerns the State’s own tax revenue and does not include the State’s share of central taxes.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Correct. SGST was estimated to provide 52% of own tax revenue.
(b): Incorrect. Taxes on vehicles were a smaller source.
(c): Incorrect. State excise was also smaller than SGST.
(d): Incorrect. Land revenue was a much smaller source.
Key Points for Revision
- SGST was Assam’s largest own-tax source in the 2026–27 estimate.
- Estimated SGST revenue: ₹18,674 crore.
- Own tax revenue is distinct from the State’s share in central taxes.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests the composition of State revenue and tax categories.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember SGST as the largest own-tax source.
MCQ No. 17: Total expenditure excluding debt repayment
Question: What total expenditure, excluding debt repayment, did Assam target for 2026–27?
(a) ₹1,21,843 crore
(b) ₹1,26,317 crore
(c) ₹1,48,029 crore
(d) ₹1,56,715 crore
Correct Answer: (c) ₹1,48,029 crore
Detailed Explanation: Assam’s 2026–27 budget targeted ₹1,48,029 crore in total expenditure excluding debt repayment. The amount is proposed to be met through receipts excluding borrowings and net borrowings. It is different from total expenditure including debt repayment, estimated at ₹1,56,715 crore.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Incorrect. This is the estimate of net receipts, excluding borrowings.
(b): Incorrect. This was total expenditure excluding debt repayment in 2024–25 actuals.
(c): Correct. This is the 2026–27 target excluding debt repayment.
(d): Incorrect. This is total expenditure including debt repayment in 2026–27.
Key Points for Revision
- 2026–27 expenditure excluding debt repayment: ₹1,48,029 crore.
- Total expenditure including debt repayment: ₹1,56,715 crore.
- Net receipts excluding borrowings: ₹1,21,843 crore.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests comparison of expenditure aggregates and budget terminology.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Note whether a figure includes debt repayment.
MCQ No. 18: Long-term central loans for capital expenditure
Question: Under the 2026–27 budget analysis, how are the Centre’s 50-year interest-free loans to States for capital expenditure treated when calculating Assam’s borrowing ceiling?
(a) They are included fully in the borrowing ceiling.
(b) They are excluded from the borrowing-ceiling calculation.
(c) They are treated as the State’s own tax revenue.
(d) They are counted as revenue expenditure.
Correct Answer: (b) They are excluded from the borrowing-ceiling calculation.
Detailed Explanation: The budget analysis states that the Centre has provided 50-year interest-free loans to States for capital expenditure since 2020–21. These loans are excluded when calculating the State’s borrowing ceiling. Assam’s 2026–27 estimate includes ₹6,000 crore under this central capex-loan category.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Incorrect. The analysis explicitly says these loans are excluded from the borrowing-ceiling calculation.
(b): Correct. This is the stated treatment of the central capex loans.
(c): Incorrect. A loan is not the State’s own tax revenue.
(d): Incorrect. These loans support capital expenditure; they are not revenue expenditure.
Key Points for Revision
- Central capex loans are 50-year interest-free loans.
- These loans are excluded from the borrowing-ceiling calculation.
- Assam estimated ₹6,000 crore in such loans for 2026–27.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests how a specific central financing mechanism interacts with State borrowing limits.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember the 50-year interest-free term and its capital-expenditure purpose.
MCQ No. 19: Orunodoi 3.0 transfer in March 2026
Question: In March 2026, how much was transferred per beneficiary to around 40 lakh women under Orunodoi 3.0, according to the reported disbursement?
(a) ₹4,000
(b) ₹6,000
(c) ₹9,000
(d) ₹12,000
Correct Answer: (c) ₹9,000
Detailed Explanation: On 10 March 2026, the Assam Government transferred ₹9,000 each to around 40 lakh women under Orunodoi 3.0. PRS reports that this amount covered four months of benefits and included a ₹4,000 festive bonus. The transfer is a welfare-related development linked to Assam’s public expenditure and budget analysis.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Incorrect. ₹4,000 was the festive-bonus component, not the total transfer.
(b): Incorrect. This was not the reported per-beneficiary transfer.
(c): Correct. The reported transfer was ₹9,000 per beneficiary.
(d): Incorrect. This was not the reported amount.
Key Points for Revision
- Scheme: Orunodoi 3.0.
- Reported transfer: ₹9,000 each to around 40 lakh women on 10 March 2026.
- The reported amount included a ₹4,000 festive bonus.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests a current Assam welfare and public-finance development.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember the scheme name and ₹9,000 transfer amount.
MCQ No. 20: Trade and related services in Assam’s GSVA
Question: What share of Assam’s GSVA at current prices was attributed to “Trade, hotels, transport, communication and services related to broadcasting” in 2025–26 (advance estimate)?
(a) 7.2%
(b) 10.8%
(c) 17.7%
(d) 20.5%
Correct Answer: (c) 17.7%
Detailed Explanation: The Economic Survey, Assam, 2025–26 estimates this combined service group’s share at 17.7% of GSVA at current prices. The group includes trade, hotels, transport, communication and broadcasting-related services. It is a separate classification from agriculture, forestry and fishing, which accounted for 20.5%.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Incorrect. This was the share of financial, real estate and professional services.
(b): Incorrect. This was the share of construction.
(c): Correct. The Survey reports 17.7% for this combined service group.
(d): Incorrect. This was the share of agriculture, forestry and fishing.
Key Points for Revision
- Trade, hotels, transport, communication and broadcasting-related services: 17.7% of Assam’s GSVA.
- Figures are for 2025–26 at current prices (advance estimate).
- Financial, real estate and professional services: 7.2%.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests sector classification and data interpretation.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember the 17.7% estimate and the activities included in the group.
MCQ No. 21: Most destructive wave of the 2025 Assam floods
Question: According to the Economic Survey, Assam, 2025–26, which wave of the 2025 flood season was described as the most destructive?
(a) The first wave
(b) The second wave
(c) The third wave
(d) All three waves were described as equally destructive
Correct Answer: (a) The first wave
Detailed Explanation: The Survey records three distinct flood waves in Assam in 2025. It describes the first wave, from 31 May to 22 July, as the most destructive. It affected 26 districts and 2,630 villages, and 24 flood-related deaths were recorded.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Correct. The Survey identifies the first wave as the most destructive.
(b): Incorrect. The second wave affected fewer districts and villages and was described as milder in spread.
(c): Incorrect. The third wave affected 11 districts and 468 villages.
(d): Incorrect. The Survey distinguishes the first wave as the most destructive.
Key Points for Revision
- First wave: 31 May–22 July 2025.
- It affected 26 districts and 2,630 villages.
- The Survey records 24 flood-related deaths during the first wave.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests a recent Assam disaster-management statistic.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember that the first wave was the most destructive.
MCQ No. 22: Villages affected in the third flood wave
Question: How many villages were affected in Assam’s third flood wave of 2025, according to the Economic Survey, Assam, 2025–26?
(a) 412
(b) 468
(c) 2,630
(d) 3,102
Correct Answer: (b) 468
Detailed Explanation: The Survey reports that the third flood wave, from 12 September to 13 October 2025, affected 468 villages across 11 districts. It affected 1,08,232 people, more than the 1,04,123 people affected in the first wave, although the first wave was described as the most destructive overall.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Incorrect. This was the number of villages affected during the second wave.
(b): Correct. The third wave affected 468 villages.
(c): Incorrect. This was the number of villages affected during the first wave.
(d): Incorrect. The Survey does not give this as the number of villages affected in the third wave.
Key Points for Revision
- Third wave: 12 September–13 October 2025.
- Districts affected: 11.
- Villages affected: 468.
- Population affected: 1,08,232.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests comparison of flood-wave data.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember 468 villages for the third wave.
MCQ No. 23: Flood and erosion management schemes
Question: During 2023–24, how many flood and erosion management schemes did Assam’s Water Resources Department take up under the funding sources listed in the Economic Survey, Assam, 2025–26?
(a) 141
(b) 104
(c) 58
(d) 32
Correct Answer: (a) 141
Detailed Explanation: The Survey reports that the Water Resources Department took up 141 flood and erosion management schemes during 2023–24 under several funding sources. These included NABARD’s RIDF-XXIX and NIDA, SOPD-G, the World Bank-funded AIRBMP and an ADB New Loan. Their combined reported cost was ₹3,634.93 crore.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Correct. The total across the listed funding sources was 141 schemes.
(b): Incorrect. This does not match the reported total.
(c): Incorrect. This was the number of schemes listed under NABARD RIDF-XXIX.
(d): Incorrect. This is not the total; it is close to the 32 schemes reported under SOPD-G, which had a different count.
Key Points for Revision
- Total schemes reported for 2023–24: 141.
- Combined reported cost: ₹3,634.93 crore.
- Funding sources included NABARD, SOPD-G, the World Bank-funded AIRBMP and an ADB loan.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests a budget and disaster-management linkage.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember 141 schemes and the Water Resources Department.
MCQ No. 24: AIRBMP in Assam’s flood-risk management
Question: What is the full form of AIRBMP, mentioned in Assam’s flood and erosion management context?
(a) Assam Infrastructure and Rural Banking Mission Programme
(b) Assam Integrated River Basin Management Programme
(c) Assam Irrigation and Rainwater-Based Management Plan
(d) Assam Inland River and Biodiversity Mission Project
Correct Answer: (b) Assam Integrated River Basin Management Programme
Detailed Explanation: AIRBMP stands for the Assam Integrated River Basin Management Programme. The Economic Survey refers to it in its discussion of flood and erosion management schemes and identifies it as World Bank-funded. The programme relates to integrated management of river-basin risks, an important issue for a State exposed to floods and erosion.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Incorrect. This is not the programme’s official name.
(b): Correct. AIRBMP means Assam Integrated River Basin Management Programme.
(c): Incorrect. This expansion does not match the Survey.
(d): Incorrect. This is not the expansion of AIRBMP.
Key Points for Revision
- AIRBMP: Assam Integrated River Basin Management Programme.
- It is linked to flood and erosion management.
- The Survey identifies it as World Bank-funded.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests the name and purpose of a State programme.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember the AIRBMP expansion and its flood-management connection.
MCQ No. 25: Components of Assam’s industrial sector
Question: Which of the following is included in the industrial sector in Assam’s State Income Estimation framework?
(a) Mining and quarrying
(b) Public administration and defence
(c) Education and health services
(d) Trade and hotels
Correct Answer: (a) Mining and quarrying
Detailed Explanation: The Economic Survey states that Assam’s industrial sector includes mining and quarrying, manufacturing, electricity, gas, water supply and other utility services, and construction. Public administration, trade and hotels are classified in other sectoral groups. Correct sector classification matters when interpreting the State’s GSDP and GSVA figures.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Correct. Mining and quarrying form part of the industrial sector.
(b): Incorrect. Public administration is classified under public administration, defence and other services.
(c): Incorrect. Education and health services are not listed as components of the industrial sector.
(d): Incorrect. Trade and hotels are included in a separate service-sector group.
Key Points for Revision
- Assam’s industrial sector includes mining, manufacturing, utilities and construction.
- Trade and hotels are reported under a different sectoral group.
- Sector definitions are used in State Income Estimation.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests sector classification and economic-statistics concepts.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember mining and quarrying as industrial-sector activities.
MCQ No. 26: Principal contributors to Assam’s industrial revenue
Question: Which set of industries does the Economic Survey, Assam, 2025–26 identify as principal contributors to the State’s industrial revenue?
(a) Oil, natural gas and tea
(b) Silk, handloom and tourism
(c) Cement, plastics and fertilisers
(d) Fisheries, bamboo and sericulture
Correct Answer: (a) Oil, natural gas and tea
Detailed Explanation: The Survey describes Assam’s industrial base as expanding across multiple sectors, including petrochemicals, fertilisers, textiles, cement, plastics and agro-based industries. It identifies oil, natural gas and tea as the principal contributors to the State’s industrial revenue. These industries reflect Assam’s resource base and established production strengths.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Correct. The Survey identifies these three as principal industrial-revenue contributors.
(b): Incorrect. These activities are important to Assam, but this is not the trio specified by the Survey.
(c): Incorrect. These are among the industries present in Assam, but they are not the identified principal contributors.
(d): Incorrect. The Survey does not name this set as the principal contributors.
Key Points for Revision
- Principal industrial-revenue contributors named: oil, natural gas and tea.
- Assam’s industrial base also includes petrochemicals, fertilisers, textiles and cement.
- Tea links Assam’s economy with both agriculture and industrial activity.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests the State’s industrial profile and resource economy.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember oil, natural gas and tea.
MCQ No. 27: Industrial sector’s estimated share of Assam’s GSDP
Question: What was the estimated contribution of Assam’s industrial sector to the State’s GSDP at current prices in 2025–26?
(a) Approximately 20.46%
(b) Approximately 32.53%
(c) Approximately 42.40%
(d) Approximately 44.00%
Correct Answer: (b) Approximately 32.53%
Detailed Explanation: The Economic Survey estimates the industrial sector’s contribution to Assam’s GSDP at about 32.53% at current prices in 2025–26. It gives the contribution at constant 2011–12 prices as 42.40%. The difference demonstrates why a question on GSDP shares must specify whether it asks for current or constant prices.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Incorrect. This is close to the agriculture, forestry and fishing share in Assam’s 2025–26 GSVA table, not the industrial-sector GSDP share.
(b): Correct. This is the industrial-sector estimate at current prices.
(c): Incorrect. This is the estimate at constant prices.
(d): Incorrect. This is not the industrial-sector share reported in the Survey.
Key Points for Revision
- Industry’s share at current prices: approximately 32.53%.
- Industry’s share at constant prices: approximately 42.40%.
- Both figures are estimates for 2025–26.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests price-basis distinctions in GSDP data.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember 32.53% for current prices.
MCQ No. 28: Construction-sector growth at constant prices
Question: Among the listed industrial subsectors, which had the highest estimated growth rate at constant prices in 2025–26?
(a) Mining and quarrying
(b) Manufacturing
(c) Electricity, gas, water supply and other utility services
(d) Construction
Correct Answer: (d) Construction
Detailed Explanation: The Survey estimates construction growth at constant prices at 22.98% in 2025–26, the highest among the industrial subsectors listed. The corresponding estimates were 5.52% for mining and quarrying, 6.97% for manufacturing, and 11.96% for electricity, gas, water supply and other utility services. Constant-price growth measures changes after adjusting for price changes.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Incorrect. Mining and quarrying growth was estimated at 5.52%.
(b): Incorrect. Manufacturing growth was estimated at 6.97%.
(c): Incorrect. The utilities group was estimated at 11.96%.
(d): Correct. Construction growth was estimated at 22.98%.
Key Points for Revision
- Construction: 22.98% estimated growth at constant prices.
- Utilities: 11.96%.
- Manufacturing: 6.97%; mining and quarrying: 5.52%.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests comparison of subsector growth rates and constant-price data.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember construction as the fastest-growing listed subsector.
MCQ No. 29: Components of the Index of Industrial Production
Question: Which three sectors does the Economic Survey, Assam, 2025–26 identify as the main components of the Index of Industrial Production (IIP)?
(a) Mining, manufacturing and electricity
(b) Agriculture, forestry and fishing
(c) Construction, trade and transport
(d) Finance, real estate and professional services
Correct Answer: (a) Mining, manufacturing and electricity
Detailed Explanation: The Survey explains that the IIP measures the rate of growth of industrial production and covers mining, manufacturing and electricity. It is compiled monthly and aggregated into annual figures to assess trends. The Survey lists the base as 2011–12 = 100.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Correct. These are the three sectors identified as IIP components.
(b): Incorrect. This is an agriculture-related group, not the IIP set.
(c): Incorrect. These are not the three components specified in the Survey.
(d): Incorrect. These are service-sector activities, not the IIP components.
Key Points for Revision
- IIP components: mining, manufacturing and electricity.
- IIP tracks industrial production over time.
- Survey base: 2011–12 = 100.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests an industrial indicator and its component sectors.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember the three IIP sectors and the base year.
MCQ No. 30: Monthly compilation of IIP
Question: How frequently is the Index of Industrial Production (IIP) compiled, according to the Economic Survey, Assam, 2025–26?
(a) Daily
(b) Monthly
(c) Once every five years
(d) Only at the end of each financial year
Correct Answer: (b) Monthly
Detailed Explanation: The Survey states that the IIP is compiled on a month-to-month basis and aggregated into annualised figures to assess industrial performance trends. A monthly series can reveal changes in production during the year, while annualised figures help summarise broader performance. The Survey identifies mining, manufacturing and electricity as the index’s primary sectors.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Incorrect. The Survey does not describe daily compilation.
(b): Correct. IIP is compiled monthly.
(c): Incorrect. Five-year intervals are not the reported frequency.
(d): Incorrect. Monthly compilation takes place; annualised figures are also used for trend assessment.
Key Points for Revision
- IIP is compiled monthly.
- Monthly data are aggregated into annualised figures.
- Its primary sectors are mining, manufacturing and electricity.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests the frequency and purpose of an economic indicator.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember “monthly” as the compilation frequency.
MCQ No. 31: Presentation of Assam Budget 2026–27
Question: Who presented the Annual Financial Statement of Assam for 2026–27 to the Assam Legislative Assembly?
(a) Ajanta Neog
(b) Himanta Biswa Sarma
(c) Jayanta Malla Baruah
(d) Ranoj Pegu
Correct Answer: (c) Jayanta Malla Baruah
Detailed Explanation: The Assam Legislative Assembly’s brief record of proceedings states that Finance Minister Jayanta Malla Baruah presented the 2026–27 Budget Estimates on 10 July 2026. The document presented was the State’s Annual Financial Statement. Ajanta Neog presented Assam’s 2025–26 Budget, a different financial year.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Incorrect. Ajanta Neog presented the 2025–26 Budget.
(b): Incorrect. Himanta Biswa Sarma was Chief Minister, not the Finance Minister presenting this statement.
(c): Correct. Baruah presented the 2026–27 Annual Financial Statement.
(d): Incorrect. Ranoj Pegu was not the Finance Minister presenting this Budget.
Key Points for Revision
- Budget year: 2026–27.
- Finance Minister: Jayanta Malla Baruah.
- Presented to the Assembly on 10 July 2026.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests budget chronology and the role of the Finance Minister.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember the presenter and date.
MCQ No. 32: Projected GSDP in the 2026–27 Budget
Question: What GSDP did Assam project at current prices for 2026–27?
(a) ₹7,45,293 crore
(b) ₹8,71,451 crore
(c) ₹6,43,383 crore
(d) ₹10,00,000 crore
Correct Answer: (b) ₹8,71,451 crore
Detailed Explanation: The Budget projects Assam’s GSDP at current prices at ₹8,71,451 crore for 2026–27, a projected increase of about 17% over 2025–26. This is a current-price projection, not a final actual figure. The lower figures in options (a) and (c) are associated with earlier-year estimates.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Incorrect. This is the 2025–26 GSDP advance estimate at current prices.
(b): Correct. This is the 2026–27 projection at current prices.
(c): Incorrect. This is the 2024–25 GSDP estimate at current prices.
(d): Incorrect. A ₹10 lakh crore economy was a longer-term goal, not the 2026–27 GSDP estimate.
Key Points for Revision
- 2026–27 GSDP projection: ₹8,71,451 crore at current prices.
- Projected growth over 2025–26: about 17%.
- GSDP is the value of final goods and services produced within the State.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests budget estimates and the meaning of GSDP.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember ₹8,71,451 crore as the 2026–27 projection.
MCQ No. 33: Agricultural income tax exemption for small tea growers
Question: The 2026–27 Budget proposed raising the annual agricultural income tax exemption threshold for small tea growers from ₹2.5 lakh to:
(a) ₹5 lakh
(b) ₹7.5 lakh
(c) ₹10 lakh
(d) ₹15 lakh
Correct Answer: (c) ₹10 lakh
Detailed Explanation: The Budget proposed increasing the exemption threshold for small tea growers’ annual agricultural income from ₹2.5 lakh to ₹10 lakh. The proposal was presented as relief for small growers. It is important to distinguish a budget proposal from a subsequent enactment or tax-administration order.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Incorrect. The proposed new threshold is higher.
(b): Incorrect. This was not the proposed threshold.
(c): Correct. The proposed threshold is ₹10 lakh.
(d): Incorrect. The Budget did not propose a ₹15 lakh threshold.
Key Points for Revision
- Affected group: small tea growers.
- Existing threshold cited in the proposal: ₹2.5 lakh.
- Proposed new threshold: ₹10 lakh of annual agricultural income.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests a State budget proposal linked to Assam’s tea economy.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember the ₹10 lakh proposed threshold.
MCQ No. 34: Subsidy for premium-quality Assam tea
Question: What per-kilogram subsidy did the 2026–27 Budget propose for export-oriented and premium-quality Assam tea?
(a) ₹1
(b) ₹3
(c) ₹5
(d) ₹10
Correct Answer: (b) ₹3
Detailed Explanation: The Budget proposed a subsidy of ₹3 per kilogram for export-oriented and premium-quality Assam tea. It also proposed enhancing the production subsidy for orthodox and specialty tea. The measure links State budget support with tea value addition and export-oriented production.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Incorrect. The proposed subsidy rate was higher.
(b): Correct. The proposal specified ₹3 per kilogram.
(c): Incorrect. This was not the proposed rate.
(d): Incorrect. This was not the proposed rate.
Key Points for Revision
- Proposed subsidy: ₹3 per kilogram.
- Intended for export-oriented and premium-quality Assam tea.
- Orthodox and specialty tea production subsidy was also to be enhanced.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests a sector-specific budget measure for Assam’s tea industry.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember the ₹3/kg proposal.
MCQ No. 35: Matcha tea in the Budget proposal
Question: Under the 2026–27 Budget’s tea-production subsidy proposal, matcha tea was to be included in which category?
(a) Orthodox and specialty tea
(b) CTC tea only
(c) Green tea only
(d) Tea grown exclusively for domestic blending
Correct Answer: (a) Orthodox and specialty tea
Detailed Explanation: The Budget proposed enhancing the production subsidy for orthodox and specialty tea and including matcha tea in that category. This is a product-classification detail within the Budget’s tea-sector support measures. The proposal concerns subsidy eligibility; it does not mean that matcha was identified as Assam’s largest tea category.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Correct. Matcha was proposed for inclusion in the orthodox and specialty tea category.
(b): Incorrect. The Budget summary does not place it in a CTC-only category.
(c): Incorrect. “Green tea only” is not the stated category.
(d): Incorrect. The proposal did not define eligibility in this way.
Key Points for Revision
- Matcha tea was proposed for inclusion in the orthodox and specialty category.
- The Budget also proposed enhancing the production subsidy for that category.
- This was a budget proposal.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests a specific agricultural and tea-industry announcement.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember the category: orthodox and specialty tea.
MCQ No. 36: Activities covered by the proposed Green Cess
Question: Which set of activities was identified for the proposed Green Cess in Assam’s 2026–27 Budget?
(a) Commercial groundwater extraction, brick kilns and stone crushers
(b) Crop insurance, tea exports and handloom production
(c) Public transport, school meals and rural housing
(d) River fishing, weaving and household solar use
Correct Answer: (a) Commercial groundwater extraction, brick kilns and stone crushers
Detailed Explanation: The Budget proposed a Green Cess on polluting activities, including stone crushers, brick kilns and commercial groundwater extraction. The proposal links fiscal measures to environmental objectives. It should be described as a Budget proposal unless and until the relevant implementation measures are formally brought into force.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Correct. All three activities appear among the proposed Green Cess targets.
(b): Incorrect. These are not the activities listed in the Budget analysis.
(c): Incorrect. These are public services, not the listed pollution-related activities.
(d): Incorrect. These are not the listed Green Cess targets.
Key Points for Revision
- Proposed Green Cess targets included stone crushers and brick kilns.
- Commercial groundwater extraction was also identified.
- The cess was proposed as an environmental fiscal measure.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests green budgeting and an Assam-specific fiscal proposal.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember the listed polluting activities.
MCQ No. 37: Proposed use of Green Cess proceeds
Question: According to the 2026–27 Budget analysis, proceeds from the proposed Green Cess were intended to support:
(a) Environmental conservation and climate adaptation
(b) General salary payments only
(c) Tea procurement at the Guwahati auction centre
(d) Repayment of all State government debt
Correct Answer: (a) Environmental conservation and climate adaptation
Detailed Explanation: The Budget analysis states that Green Cess proceeds would be used for environmental conservation, climate adaptation and other environmentally sustainable infrastructure. The proposal therefore connects a levy on specified polluting activities with environmental spending. It does not designate the proceeds solely for routine salaries or debt repayment.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Correct. These are among the proposed uses of the proceeds.
(b): Incorrect. The stated purpose is environmental, not salary-only financing.
(c): Incorrect. Tea procurement was not identified as a use for this cess.
(d): Incorrect. The proposal links the proceeds to environmental purposes.
Key Points for Revision
- Proposed uses: environmental conservation, climate adaptation and sustainable infrastructure.
- The Green Cess was linked to specified polluting activities.
- This was a budget proposal, not a general-purpose revenue allocation.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests the purpose and design of a proposed environmental levy.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember its environmental spending purpose.
MCQ No. 38: Health infrastructure proposals
Question: Which combination of health-related measures was highlighted in Assam’s 2026–27 Budget?
(a) Around 33,000 new health-professional posts and four new medical colleges
(b) Around 3,300 new health-professional posts and one new medical college
(c) Around 33,000 new teaching posts and four new universities
(d) Around 3,000 new nursing posts and four new district hospitals
Correct Answer: (a) Around 33,000 new health-professional posts and four new medical colleges
Detailed Explanation: The Budget analysis lists plans to create around 33,000 new posts for health professionals and establish four new medical colleges. These are health-infrastructure and workforce proposals. Their implementation and final staffing details would depend on subsequent government action.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Correct. This matches the Budget’s two listed health measures.
(b): Incorrect. Both the post count and number of colleges differ.
(c): Incorrect. It changes health posts to teaching posts and medical colleges to universities.
(d): Incorrect. This is not the combination reported in the Budget analysis.
Key Points for Revision
- Health-professional posts proposed: around 33,000.
- Four new medical colleges were proposed.
- These are Budget plans, not confirmation that all posts have already been filled.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests State health-infrastructure announcements.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember the proposed posts and colleges.
MCQ No. 39: Proposed power infrastructure investment
Question: How much investment did the 2026–27 Budget propose for six power-infrastructure projects across hydro, solar, thermal and energy storage?
(a) ₹2,100 crore
(b) ₹29,451 crore
(c) ₹72,753 crore
(d) ₹1,18,562 crore
Correct Answer: (c) ₹72,753 crore
Detailed Explanation: The Budget analysis reports a proposed investment of ₹72,753 crore across six power-infrastructure projects covering hydro, solar, thermal and energy storage. It also lists plans to add 15,000 circuit kilometres of transmission and distribution lines and 120 substations. The ₹2,100 crore figure relates to initial land acquisition for the proposed Guwahati urban growth centre.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Incorrect. This is the proposed initial land-acquisition allocation for the Guwahati urban growth centre.
(b): Incorrect. This is the 2026–27 capital-outlay estimate, not the power-project investment figure.
(c): Correct. This is the proposed investment across six power projects.
(d): Incorrect. This is the estimated revenue expenditure for 2026–27.
Key Points for Revision
- Six power projects: proposed investment of ₹72,753 crore.
- The projects span hydro, solar, thermal and energy storage.
- Proposed network additions: 15,000 circuit kilometres and 120 substations.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests infrastructure and energy-sector proposals in the State Budget.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember ₹72,753 crore and the six-project figure.
MCQ No. 40: Guwahati urban growth centre
Question: What amount did Assam’s 2026–27 Budget allocate for initial land acquisition for the proposed urban growth centre around Guwahati?
(a) ₹500 crore
(b) ₹2,100 crore
(c) ₹4,954 crore
(d) ₹10,000 crore
Correct Answer: (b) ₹2,100 crore
Detailed Explanation: The Budget proposed developing an urban growth centre around Guwahati and allocated ₹2,100 crore for initial land acquisition. This measure is linked to urban development and the expansion of the Guwahati region. The figure is for initial land acquisition, not the total cost of every planned project in the area.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Incorrect. This is not the reported initial land-acquisition allocation.
(b): Correct. The Budget analysis gives ₹2,100 crore for initial land acquisition.
(c): Incorrect. This figure is associated with a reported Guwahati Ring Road allocation, not the urban growth centre’s initial land acquisition.
(d): Incorrect. This was not the amount specified for the stated purpose.
Key Points for Revision
- Proposed development: urban growth centre around Guwahati.
- Initial land acquisition allocation: ₹2,100 crore.
- This is an initial allocation, not a stated total project cost.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests a location-specific urban-development proposal.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember Guwahati and ₹2,100 crore.
MCQ No. 41: Allocation for primary schools
Question: How much was allocated to primary schools, including government and non-government schools, in Assam’s 2026–27 Budget?
(a) ₹3,276 crore
(b) ₹5,421 crore
(c) ₹8,889 crore
(d) ₹10,042 crore
Correct Answer: (c) ₹8,889 crore
Detailed Explanation: The 2026–27 Budget analysis reports an allocation of ₹8,889 crore to primary schools, including government and non-government schools. This amount is a specific budget provision within the education sector. It is distinct from the total allocation for the broader Education, Sports, Arts and Culture sector.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Incorrect. This amount was allocated to rural health services (allopathy).
(b): Incorrect. This amount was allocated to the Agriculture and Allied Activities sector.
(c): Correct. The primary school allocation was ₹8,889 crore.
(d): Incorrect. This amount was allocated to capital outlay on roads and bridges.
Key Points for Revision
- Primary schools: ₹8,889 crore.
- The allocation includes government and non-government schools.
- The broader sector is Education, Sports, Arts and Culture.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests sector-specific budget provisions.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember ₹8,889 crore for primary schools.
MCQ No. 42: Orunodoi allocation
Question: How much was allocated to the Orunodoi scheme in Assam’s 2026–27 Budget?
(a) ₹2,418 crore
(b) ₹3,700 crore
(c) ₹3,191 crore
(d) ₹6,190 crore
Correct Answer: (b) ₹3,700 crore
Detailed Explanation: The 2026–27 Budget analysis lists ₹3,700 crore for Orunodoi under Social Welfare and Nutrition. It separately lists ₹3,191 crore for relief on account of natural calamities. The two allocations are therefore distinct even though both appear under the same broad sector.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Incorrect. This was allocated to the national rural employment guarantee scheme.
(b): Correct. The Orunodoi allocation was ₹3,700 crore.
(c): Incorrect. This was allocated for natural-calamity relief.
(d): Incorrect. This was the total Rural Development sector allocation.
Key Points for Revision
- Orunodoi: ₹3,700 crore.
- Natural-calamity relief: ₹3,191 crore.
- Both appear under Social Welfare and Nutrition in the budget analysis.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests a major Assam welfare scheme and its allocation.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember ₹3,700 crore for Orunodoi.
MCQ No. 43: Natural-calamity relief
Question: What amount did the 2026–27 Assam Budget analysis report for relief on account of natural calamities?
(a) ₹3,191 crore
(b) ₹3,700 crore
(c) ₹2,985 crore
(d) ₹1,704 crore
Correct Answer: (a) ₹3,191 crore
Detailed Explanation: The Budget analysis reports ₹3,191 crore for relief on account of natural calamities. This provision is listed alongside the Orunodoi allocation under Social Welfare and Nutrition. It is a budget provision, not a report of the amount already spent during the year.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Correct. This is the reported allocation for natural-calamity relief.
(b): Incorrect. This is the allocation for Orunodoi.
(c): Incorrect. This was allocated to district police.
(d): Incorrect. This was allocated to rural water supply programmes.
Key Points for Revision
- Natural-calamity relief: ₹3,191 crore.
- Orunodoi: ₹3,700 crore.
- These are separate provisions in the 2026–27 Budget.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests disaster-relief financing in a State budget.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember ₹3,191 crore for natural-calamity relief.
MCQ No. 44: Roads and bridges
Question: How much was allocated for capital outlay on roads and bridges in Assam’s 2026–27 Budget?
(a) ₹2,528 crore
(b) ₹6,190 crore
(c) ₹8,889 crore
(d) ₹10,042 crore
Correct Answer: (d) ₹10,042 crore
Detailed Explanation: The Budget analysis reports ₹10,042 crore for capital outlay on roads and bridges. Capital outlay is spending directed towards creating or acquiring assets. The figure is a specific provision within transport-related expenditure, not the entire transport-sector allocation.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Incorrect. This was the State capital component of urban-development capital outlay.
(b): Incorrect. This was the total Rural Development sector allocation.
(c): Incorrect. This was allocated to primary schools.
(d): Correct. Roads and bridges received ₹10,042 crore in capital outlay.
Key Points for Revision
- Roads and bridges capital outlay: ₹10,042 crore.
- This is a capital-expenditure provision.
- The total Transport sector allocation is a separate budget figure.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests the distinction between sector allocation and capital outlay.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember ₹10,042 crore for roads and bridges.
MCQ No. 45: Rural health services allocation
Question: Consider the following statement about the 2026–27 Assam Budget:
₹3,276 crore was allocated towards rural health services (allopathy).
This statement is:
(a) Correct
(b) Incorrect; the amount was ₹2,985 crore
(c) Incorrect; the amount was ₹1,704 crore
(d) Incorrect; the amount was ₹5,421 crore
Correct Answer: (a) Correct
Detailed Explanation: The Budget analysis reports ₹3,276 crore for rural health services (allopathy). This is a specific health provision; the overall Health and Family Welfare sector allocation is a different amount. APSC questions may test the distinction between a programme-level allocation and a sector total.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Correct. The reported allocation was ₹3,276 crore.
(b): Incorrect. ₹2,985 crore was allocated to district police.
(c): Incorrect. ₹1,704 crore was allocated to rural water supply programmes.
(d): Incorrect. ₹5,421 crore was the Agriculture and Allied Activities sector allocation.
Key Points for Revision
- Rural health services (allopathy): ₹3,276 crore.
- The amount is not the total Health and Family Welfare sector allocation.
- District police allocation: ₹2,985 crore.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests statement evaluation and budget-category precision.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember ₹3,276 crore for rural allopathic health services.
MCQ No. 46: District police allocation
Question: What allocation for district police was reported in the 2026–27 Assam Budget analysis?
(a) ₹1,704 crore
(b) ₹2,418 crore
(c) ₹2,985 crore
(d) ₹3,276 crore
Correct Answer: (c) ₹2,985 crore
Detailed Explanation: The Budget analysis reports ₹2,985 crore for district police. This is a specific provision within the Police sector. It differs from the allocations for rural health services and rural development programmes.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Incorrect. This was the rural water supply allocation.
(b): Incorrect. This was allocated to the national rural employment guarantee scheme.
(c): Correct. District police received a reported allocation of ₹2,985 crore.
(d): Incorrect. This was allocated to rural health services (allopathy).
Key Points for Revision
- District police allocation: ₹2,985 crore.
- This is a specific provision within the Police sector.
- The total Police sector allocation is a separate figure.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests a department-level budget provision.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember ₹2,985 crore for district police.
MCQ No. 47: National rural employment guarantee scheme allocation
Question: How much was allocated to the national rural employment guarantee scheme in Assam’s 2026–27 Budget?
(a) ₹1,358 crore
(b) ₹2,418 crore
(c) ₹3,191 crore
(d) ₹6,190 crore
Correct Answer: (b) ₹2,418 crore
Detailed Explanation: The Budget analysis reports ₹2,418 crore for the national rural employment guarantee scheme. The amount appears as a provision under Rural Development. It is separate from the total Rural Development sector allocation of ₹6,190 crore.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Incorrect. This was allocated to crop husbandry—horticulture revenue expenditure.
(b): Correct. The scheme allocation was ₹2,418 crore.
(c): Incorrect. This was the natural-calamity relief allocation.
(d): Incorrect. This was the total Rural Development sector allocation.
Key Points for Revision
- National rural employment guarantee scheme: ₹2,418 crore.
- Rural Development sector total: ₹6,190 crore.
- A scheme-specific provision may differ from its sector total.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests the relationship between scheme provisions and sector totals.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember ₹2,418 crore for the rural employment guarantee scheme.
MCQ No. 48: Crop husbandry—horticulture
Question: What revenue expenditure was allocated to crop husbandry—horticulture in Assam’s 2026–27 Budget?
(a) ₹1,358 crore
(b) ₹2,803 crore
(c) ₹3,368 crore
(d) ₹5,421 crore
Correct Answer: (a) ₹1,358 crore
Detailed Explanation: The Budget analysis reports ₹1,358 crore in revenue expenditure for crop husbandry—horticulture. This is a specific allocation within Agriculture and Allied Activities. It should not be confused with the total sector allocation of ₹5,421 crore.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Correct. This was the reported horticulture revenue-expenditure allocation.
(b): Incorrect. This was allocated towards welfare of Scheduled Tribes.
(c): Incorrect. This was allocated to capital outlay on urban development.
(d): Incorrect. This was the total Agriculture and Allied Activities sector allocation.
Key Points for Revision
- Crop husbandry—horticulture: ₹1,358 crore.
- Agriculture and Allied Activities sector total: ₹5,421 crore.
- The question specifies revenue expenditure.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests classification of agricultural budget expenditure.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember ₹1,358 crore for horticulture revenue expenditure.
MCQ No. 49: Welfare of Scheduled Tribes
Question: How much was allocated towards the welfare of Scheduled Tribes in Assam’s 2026–27 Budget?
(a) ₹2,418 crore
(b) ₹2,803 crore
(c) ₹3,477 crore
(d) ₹4,490 crore
Correct Answer: (b) ₹2,803 crore
Detailed Explanation: The Budget analysis reports ₹2,803 crore towards the welfare of Scheduled Tribes. This is a provision within the broader sector covering the welfare of SCs, STs, OBCs and minorities. The broader sector allocation and the Scheduled Tribe-specific provision are different figures.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Incorrect. This was allocated to the national rural employment guarantee scheme.
(b): Correct. The Scheduled Tribe welfare provision was ₹2,803 crore.
(c): Incorrect. This was the total allocation for the SC, ST, OBC and minorities welfare sector.
(d): Incorrect. This was the total Urban Development sector allocation.
Key Points for Revision
- Scheduled Tribe welfare provision: ₹2,803 crore.
- Broader SC, ST, OBC and minorities welfare sector: ₹3,477 crore.
- A subgroup provision is not the same as the broader sector total.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests social-sector allocations and category distinctions.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember ₹2,803 crore for Scheduled Tribe welfare.
MCQ No. 50: Rural water supply programmes
Question: What allocation for rural water supply programmes was reported in Assam’s 2026–27 Budget analysis?
(a) ₹1,358 crore
(b) ₹1,704 crore
(c) ₹2,985 crore
(d) ₹3,121 crore
Correct Answer: (b) ₹1,704 crore
Detailed Explanation: The Budget analysis reports ₹1,704 crore for rural water supply programmes. This provision appears under the broader Water Supply and Sanitation sector, which had a total allocation of ₹3,121 crore. The two amounts refer to different levels of the budget classification.
Option-wise Explanation
(a): Incorrect. This was allocated to crop husbandry—horticulture.
(b): Correct. Rural water supply programmes received ₹1,704 crore.
(c): Incorrect. This was allocated to district police.
(d): Incorrect. This was the total Water Supply and Sanitation sector allocation.
Key Points for Revision
- Rural water supply programmes: ₹1,704 crore.
- Water Supply and Sanitation sector total: ₹3,121 crore.
- The programme allocation is part of the broader sector total.
Exam Relevance
- APSC Prelims: Tests programme-level and sector-level budget figures.
- ADRE / Assam Police: Remember ₹1,704 crore for rural water supply programmes.
One-Line Points for Revision
- The Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Government of Assam, publishes the State’s Economic Survey.
- Assam’s 2025–26 GSDP was estimated at ₹7,45,293 crore at current prices and ₹3,84,433 crore at constant prices.
- The Survey estimated Assam’s 2025–26 GSDP growth at 15.84% at current prices and 10.12% at constant prices.
- Assam’s 2025–26 per capita income was estimated at ₹1,85,429 at current prices and ₹93,351 at constant prices.
- The Survey estimated Assam’s share of India’s GDP at current prices at 2.09% in 2025–26.
- Assam’s 2025–26 Budget Estimates put revenue receipts at about ₹1,17,225.97 crore.
- The Assam Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management Act was enacted in 2005.
- Article 202 of the Constitution concerns a State’s Annual Financial Statement.
- Jayanta Malla Baruah presented the 2026–27 Assam Budget on 10 July 2026.
- Assam’s 2026–27 GSDP was projected at ₹8,71,451 crore at current prices.
- The 2026–27 Budget targeted a fiscal deficit of 3% of GSDP and estimated a revenue balance.
- The Budget proposed raising the agricultural income tax exemption threshold for small tea growers from ₹2.5 lakh to ₹10 lakh.
- The Budget proposed a ₹3 per kilogram subsidy for export-oriented and premium-quality Assam tea.
- The proposed Green Cess was linked to activities including stone crushing, brick kilns and commercial groundwater extraction.
- The Economic Survey identified agriculture, forestry and fishing as the largest individual sectoral group in Assam’s 2025–26 GSVA table, at 20.5%.
- The Survey described the first wave of the 2025 Assam floods as the most destructive.
- The 2026–27 Budget analysis reported ₹8,889 crore for primary schools and ₹3,700 crore for Orunodoi.
- The Budget analysis reported ₹10,042 crore for capital outlay on roads and bridges.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. Who publishes the Economic Survey of Assam?
The Directorate of Economics and Statistics, Government of Assam, publishes the State’s Economic Survey.
2. Who presented Assam’s 2026–27 Budget?
Finance Minister Jayanta Malla Baruah presented the Annual Financial Statement for 2026–27 on 10 July 2026.
3. What GSDP did Assam project for 2026–27?
The Budget projected GSDP of ₹8,71,451 crore at current prices.
4. What was Assam’s estimated real GSDP growth in 2025–26?
The Economic Survey estimated growth at 10.12% at constant 2011–12 prices. This is an advance estimate.
5. What fiscal deficit did Assam target for 2026–27?
The Budget targeted a fiscal deficit of 3% of GSDP, or ₹26,186 crore.
6. What is the difference between a Budget Estimate and a Revised Estimate?
A Budget Estimate is the planned figure for a financial year. A Revised Estimate updates the forecast during that year as more information becomes available; neither should automatically be treated as the final actual figure.
7. Which Assam tea growers were covered by the proposed agricultural income tax threshold change?
The Budget proposed raising the exemption threshold for small tea growers’ annual agricultural income from ₹2.5 lakh to ₹10 lakh.
8. How many MCQs are in this practice set?
This set contains 50 MCQs on the Assam Budget and Economic Survey, with answers, explanations and revision points.
9. Which examinations can use these questions?
The questions are designed mainly for APSC Prelims and are also useful for ADRE, Assam Police recruitment and other Assam government examinations.
Conclusion
These 50 MCQs provide a focused revision of Assam’s latest Economic Survey and the 2026–27 Budget. Review the explanations alongside the figures: understanding the difference between estimates, actuals, revenue expenditure and capital outlay will help with statement-based questions as well as direct factual recall.
