Quantum Supremacy

Quantum Supremacy

The Quantum Supremacy aims to leapfrog the limitations of AI by using quantum computing, a totally different process for storing and processing data. It has been developed in conjunction with a global network of leading scientific and engineering experts.

What is “quantum supremacy”?

Quantum supremacy refers to the point in time at which a quantum computer can be expected to outperform a classical supercomputer on a task.

In quantum computing, quantum supremacy or quantum advantage is the goal of demonstrating that a programmable quantum device can solve a problem that no classical computer can solve in any feasible amount of time.

Conceptually, quantum supremacy involves both the engineering task of building a powerful quantum computer and the computational-complexity-theoretic task of finding a problem that can be solved by that quantum computer and has a super polynomial speedup over the best known or possible classical algorithm for that task.

The term was coined by John Preskill in 2012, but the concept of a quantum computational advantage, specifically for simulating quantum systems, dates back to Yuri Manin's (1980) and Richard Feynman's (1981) proposals of quantum computing.

Quantum Computing vs Traditional Computing

Quantum computing and traditional computing differ in their basic concepts. For example, a classical computer works on the basis of the laws of classical physics, specifically by utilizing the flow of electricity. A quantum computer, on the other hand, seeks to exploit the laws that govern the behavior of atoms and subatomic particles. Although they are both powerful supercomputers, they differ greatly in terms of function and purpose.

Conventional computers process information in ‘bits’ or 1s and 0s, following classical physics under which our computers can process a ‘1’ or a ‘0’ at a time. Quantum computers compute in ‘qubits’ (or quantum bits). They exploit the properties of quantum mechanics, the science that governs how matter behaves on the atomic scale.

Unlike classical physics, in which an object can exist in one place at one time, quantum physics looks at the probabilities of an object being at different points. Existence in multiple states is called superposition, and the relationships among these states is called entanglement.

The higher the number of qubits, the higher the amount of information stored in them. Compared to the information stored in the same number of bits, the information in qubits rises exponentially. That is what makes a quantum computer so powerful.