Karnataka PSC Syllabus
KPSC Mains Optional Paper - Civil Engineering
PAPER-I
(A) THEORY AND DESIGN OF STRUCTURES
(a)Theory of Structures Energy theories — Castrigliano theorems I and II, unit load method and method of consistent deformation applied to beams and pinpointed plane frames, Slope deflection, moment distribution and Keni method of analysis applied to indeterminate beams and rigid frames. Moving loads, oriteries for maximum sheer force and bending Moment in means traversed by a system of moving loads, Influence lines for simply supported planes, pinjointed girders. Arches : Three hinged, two hinged and fixed arches-rib, shortending and temperature effects Influence lines. Matrix Methods of Analysis : Force method and displacement method.
(b)Structural Steel : Factors of safety and load factors. Design of tension and compression members, beams of built up section, riveted and welded plate girders, gantry girders, stahchions with battena and lacings, Slab and gusseted bases Design of highway and railway bridges — Through and deok, type plate girder, Warren girder and Parttruss.
c) Reinforced concrete. Limit state method design-Recommendations of IS codes, Design of one-way and two-way slabs, simple and continuous beams of rectangular, T and L sections. Compression chambers under direct load with or without eccentricity, footings, Isolated and combined. Rataining walls, antilever and counterfort types. Methods and systems of prestressing Anchorages, Analysis and design of sections for flexurs, loss of prestress.
(B) FLUID MECHANICS : Fluid properties, and their role in fluid motion, fluid statics including forces acting on plane and cured surfaces. Kinemativs and Dynamics and Flund Flow, Velocity and accelerations, stream lines, equation of continuity, irrotational and rotational flows, velocity potential and stream function flownets and methods of drawing flow net, sources and sinks, flow separation and stagnation. Euler's equation of motion, energy and momentum equations and their applications to pine flow, free and forced vortices, plane and curved stationery and moving vanes, sluice gates, weirs, orifice meters and venture meters. Dimensional Analysis and Similitude; Buckingham's Pitheorem, similarities, model laws, undistorted and distorted models, movable bed models, model calibration. Laminar Flow : Laminar flow between parallel, stationary and moving plates, flow through tube, Reynold's experiments, lubrication principles. Boundary Layers : Laminar and turbulent boundary layer on a flat plate, laminar sublayer, smooth and rough boundaries, drag and lift. Turbulent flow through pipes : Characteristics of turbulent flow, velocity distribution and variation of friction factor, hydraulic grade line and total energy line, siphons, expansions and contractions in pipes, pipe net works water hammer; Opern Channel Flow : Uniform and non-uniform flows, specific energy and specific force, critical depth, resistance equations and variation of roughness coefficient; Rapidly varied flow, flow varied flow, flow in contractions, flow at suddent drop, hydraulic jump and its applications, surges and waves; gradually varied Flow differential equation for gradually varied flow, classification of surface profiles, control section, step method of integration of varied flow equation.
(C) SOIL MECHANICS AND FOUNDATION ENGINEERING : Soil composition, influence of clay minerals on engineering behaviour, Effective stress principles, change in effective stress due to water flow condition, static water table and steady flow conditions, permeability and compressibility of soils. Strength behaviour, strength determination through direct and triaxial tests, total effective stress strength parametered, total and effective strice paths. Methods of site exploration, planning a sub surface exploration programme; sampling procedured and sampling disturbance,'penetration tests and plate load tests and date interpretation. Foundation types and selection, footings, rafts, piles, floating foundations, effect of footing shapes, dimensions, depth of embedment, load inclination and ground water on bearing capacity, settlement components, compatation for immediate and consolidation settlements, limits on total and differential settlement, correction for rigidity.
Deep foundations, philosophy of deep foundations, piles, estimation of individuals and group capacity, static and dynamic approaches. pils load tests, separation into skin friction and point bearing under reamed piles, well foundation for bridges and aspects of design. Earth pressure, states of plastic equilibrium, Culmann's procedure for determination of lateral, thrust; determination of anchor force and depth of penetration, reinforced earth retaining walls; concept, materials, and applications. Machine foundations modes of vibrations, determination of natural frequency, crieteria for design, effect of vibration on soils, vibration isolation.
(D) COMPUTER PROGRAMMING: Types of computers, components of computers, history and development, different languages. Fortran / Basic programming, constants, variables, expressions, arithmetic statements, library functions, control statements, unconditional GO-TO statements, computed GO-To statements, IF and DO statements, Continue, Call, Return, Stop, END Statements, I/Q statements, Formats, field specifications. Subscripted variables, arrays, Dimension Statement, function and subroutine, subprogrammes, application to simple problems with flow-charts in Civil engineering.
PAPER — II
Part — A Building Constructions :
Physical and mechanical properties of construction materials, factors influencing selection, brick and clay products, limes and cements, polymeric materials and special uses, damp-proofing materials. Brickwork for walls, types, cavity walls, design of brick masonary walls as per I.S. Code, factors of safety, service, ability and strength requirements, detailing of walls, floors, roofs, ceiling, finishing of building, plastering, pointing, painting. Functional planning of building, orientation• of buildings, elements of fire — proof construction, repairs to damaged and cracked buildings; use of ferro cement, fibre reinforced and polymer concrete in construction; techniques and materials for low cost housing. Building estimates and specifications, construction scheduling, PERT and CPM methods.
Part — B Transportation Engineering : Railway : Permanent way, ballast, sleeper, fastenings, points and crossing, different types of turn outs, cross-over, setting out of points. Maintenance of track, superelevation, creep of rail ruling gradients, track resistance, tractive effort =curve resistance. Station yeards and machinery, station building, platform siding, turn tables, signals and interlocking, level crossings. Roads and Railways, Traffic engineering and traffic surveys, intersections, road signs, signals and marking. Classification of roads, planning and geometric design. Design of flexible and rigid pavements, Indian Roads Congress guidelines on payment layers and design methodologies.
Part — C Water Resources and Irrigation Engineering : Hydrology, Hydrologic cycle, precipitation, evaporation, transpiration, depression, storage, infiltration, hydrograph, unit hydrograph, frequency analysis, flood estimation. Ground Water Flow : Specific yield, storage co-efficient, co-efficient of permeability, confined and unconfined aquifers, radial flow into a well under confined and unconfined conditions, tubewells, pumping and recuperation tests, ground water potential. Water Resources Planning : Ground and surface water resources, single and multipurpose projects, storage capacity of reservoirs, reservoir losses, reservoir sedimentation, flood routing through reservoirs, economics of water resources projects. Water Requirement for Crops : Consumptive use of water, quality of irrigation water, duty and delta, irrigation methods and their efficiencies. Cancal : Distribution system for canal irrigation, canal capacity, canal losses, alignment for main and distributary canals, most efficient section; lined channels, their design regime theory, critical shear stress, bed load, local and suspended load transport, cost analysis of lined and unlined canals, drainage behind lining. Water Logging : Causes and control, drainage, system design salinity. Canal Structures : Design of regulation, cross drainage and communication works, cross regulators, head regulators, canal fails, aqueducts, metering flumes and canal outlets. Diversion Head Works : Principles of design of weirs on permeable and impermeable foundations, Khosla's theory, energy dissipation, stilling basins, sediment exclusion.
Storage works : Types of dams, design, principles of rigid gravity and earth dams, stability analysi,•, foundation treatment, joints and galleries, control of seepage, construction methods and machinery. Spillways : Types. crest gates. energy dissipation. River Training : Objectives of river training, methods of river training.
Part — D Environmental Engineering :
Water Supply : Estimation of water resources, ground and surface water, ground water hydraulic, predicting demand of water, impurities of water and their significance, physical, chemical and bacteriological analysis, water born diseases, standards for potable water.
Intake of Water : Pumping and gravity schemes, Water treatment. Principles of coagulation, flocculation and sedimentation; slow, rapid, pressure, biflow and multimedia filters, chlorination, softening, removal of taste, odour and salinity Water storage and balancing reservoirs types. location and capacity. Distribution Systems : Layout, hydraulics of pipelines, pipe fittings, valves including check and pressure reducing valves, meters, analysis of distribution systems using Hardy Cross method, general principles of optimal design based on cost headloss ratio criterion, lead detection, maintenance of distribution systems, pumping stations and their operations. Sewerage Systems : Domestic and industrial wastes, storm sewage, separate and combined systems, flow through sewers, design of sewers, sewer appurtenances, manholes, inlets, junctions, siphon. Sewege Characterisation : BOD, COD. Solids, dissolved oxygen, nitrogen and TOC. Standards of disposal in normal water course and on land. Sewage Treatment : Working principles, units, chambers, sedimentation tank, trickling filters, oxidation ponds, activated sludge process, septic tank, disposal of sludge, recycling of waste water. Solid Waste : Collection and disposal. Environmental Pollution : Ecological balance, water pollution control acts, radio active wastes and disposal, environmental impact assessment for thermal power plants, mines Sanitation Site and orientation of buildings; ventilation and damp proof courses, house drainage, conservancy and water born system of waste disposal, sanitary appliances, latrines and urinals, rural sanitation.
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