TNPSC Mains Syllabus for Optional Subject: Chemistry
UNIT I
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY:-
a) Gas law and Kinetic Theory:- Ideal gas equation - Deviation from ideal behaviour - vander waals equation for real gases - Molecular velocities - the Maxwell's distribution of molecular velocities –heat capacity and viscosity of gases.
b) Solid State:- Crystal systems - Bravaislattice - Unit Cell - Miller Indices – Symmetry elements in crystals - Bragg's equation - Radius ratio's and packing in crystals – Determination of crystal structures by Braggs method – structure of Nacl, Kcl, Zns and spinals.
c) Thermodynamics:- Intensive and extensive variables - First law of thermodynamics – CP and CV relation - Hess's law of constant heat summation - Kirchoff's equation – Second law of thermodynamics - Carnot theorem - entropy and probability, Joule Thomson effect -
Free energy and Chemical equilibrium - Temperature and pressure dependence and -
Gibb's and Helmholtz functions – Heterogeneous equilibrium and Le – Chatlier principle.
UNIT II
d) Chemical Kinetics:- Rate laws - rate constant - order and molecularity of reactions I, II,
III, and Zero order reaction Arrhenius theory - collision theory and Transition state theory - catalysis.
e) Electro-Chemistry:- Types of reversible electrodes - Nernst equation – reference electrode and standard hydrogen electrode - computation of cell e.m.f. calculations of thermodynamic quantities of cell reactions (DG, DH, DS and K) - Over potential and hydrogen over voltage - Arrhenius theory - Debye 'Huckel equation - Kohliraush's law -
Ostwald's dilution law - Determination of PH and Pka of acids by potentiometric methods.
UNIT III
f) Chemical spectroscopy:- Elementary ideas of microwave, infrared, Raman, uv, NMR, ESR and Mass spectroscopy.
g)Pharmaceutical chemistry: Terminology pharmacology, pharmacotheraies, toxicology, chemotherapy, classification, and nomenclature of drugs, sources of drugs, assay of drugs by biological, chemical and immunological methods, physiological effects of functional groups of drugs different types of drugs like analgesics, antibiotics, antiseptics, disinfectants, anesthetics, antidepressants, antipsychotic etc.
UNIT IV
h) Colloids and surface Chemistry:- Classification – preparation, purification - properties - Tyndall effect- Gels - Emulsions Absorption - Langmuir isotherms – Heterogeneous catalysis.
i) Physical properties and Chemical constitution:- Surface tension - parachor and its application to structural problems – Dipole moment - applications of dipolemoment measurements to structural studies of simple inorganic and organic molecules – magnetic properties of matter, diamagnetism, paramagnetism, ferromagnetism and antiferromagnetism - Applications to structural problems.
UNIT V
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY:-
j)Periodic classification:- Classification based on electronic configuration – periodic properties - atomic and ionic radii, ionisation potential, electron affinity and electronegativity- various scales - trend along periods and groups.
k) Chemical bond:- Lattice energy - VSEPR Theory and its applications - partial ionic character from electronegativity - Fajan's Rules.
l) Compounds of Boron:- Electron deficient nature of boron compounds - preparation and properties of halides and nitrates of boron - diborane – Borazine, silicones and structures of silicates
UNIT VI
l) LANTHANIDES AND ACTINIDES:-
Ocurrence Electronic configuration oxidation state, magnetic properties and complexation behaviour - comparison of lanthanides and actinides, lanthanide contraction and their position in the periodic table.
m) Fertilisers:- Ammonium nitrate, ammonium phosphate, Superphosphate and Diammonium Phosphate, NPK fertilisers.
n) Nuclear Chemistry:- Radio activity – detection and measurement – half life period -
Nuclear stability, - n/p ratio - isotopes, isobars and isotones Nuclear reactions Spallation -
Nuclear fission and fusion – stellar energy uses of nuclear energy - nuclear power projects in India - applications of tracers in industry, medicine, agriculture.
UNIT VII
o) Co-ordination Chemistry:- Redo Nomenclature - theories of co-ordination compounds - Werner, valence bond, crystal field and ligand field theories - Effective atomic number - isomerism - Metal Carbonyls of iron and Nickel.
p) Analytical Chemistry:- i) Principles of volumetric analysis - different types of titrations gravimetric analysis - separation and purification techniques.
UNIT VIII
ORGANIC CHEMISTRY:-
q) Types of reactions:- Nucleophilic, electrophilic, free radicals, addition and elimination reactions.
r) Electron displacement effects:- Inductive, inductometric, electromeric, mesomeric, resonance, hyperconjugation and steric effects.
UNIT IX
s) Nature of Bonding:- Hybridisation (Sp, Sp2 & Sp3) and Geometry of molecule – cleavage of bonds - homolytic and heterolytic fission of carbon – carbon bonds – Reaction intermediates - free radicals, carbocations and carbonions - their stability.
t) Stereo Chemistry:- Optical isomerism and Geometrical isomerism - chirality – optical isomerism of lactic and tartaric acid - Racemisation - Resolution - Asymmetric synthesis - walden inversion - cis and trans isomerism of maleic and fumeric acids - R-S-Notations - conformational analysis of cyclohexane - applications of ORD and CD Techniques.
UNIT X
u) Dyes:- Classification and Properties of dyes – methyl orange, cangored, malachite green, fluorenscein and indigo.
v) Carbon hydrates:- Classification and reactions - Glucose, Fructose, Sucrose and lactose - structure of glucose and fructose.
w) Aromatic Substitution:- Mechanism of nitration, Halogenation, sulphoration and Friedel
Crafts reaction - Orientation effects - nucleophilic substitution - Benzyne mechanism.
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