The Chalukya king Kumarapala is said to have instituted a Jaina reformation under the guidance of

Answer & Explanation

Answer: [D]

The Chalukya king Kumarapala, who ruled in the 12th century CE, is known for his patronage of Jainism and his efforts to revive and promote the Jaina faith. It is believed that he instituted a Jaina reformation under the guidance of Hemchandra, also known as Acharya Hemachandra, a renowned Jaina scholar, philosopher, and teacher.

Hemchandra played a significant role in the religious and intellectual revival of Jainism during the medieval period in India. He was a prolific writer and commentator, and his works contributed to the development and spread of Jaina philosophy and literature. Kumarapala, recognizing Hemchandra's scholarly prowess, sought his guidance in implementing reforms and promoting Jaina principles during his reign.

Therefore, option D, Hemchandra, is the correct choice as the individual who guided Kumarapala in instituting a Jaina reformation.