Recent research from Madura College in Madurai has unveiled a fascinating new plant species in the Kudremukh range of the Western Ghats, Karnataka. This newly identified species, named ‘Impatiens selvasinghii’, pays tribute to Professor P Selva Singh Richard for his remarkable contributions to the study of reproductive biology in endemic and endangered plants in the area. This discovery not only enriches the already diverse ecosystem of the Western Ghats but also highlights the conservation challenges that come with increased tourism.
Discovery and Naming
The researchers found the specimen at Kudremukh peak, standing tall at 1,630 meters above sea level. A thorough examination revealed that this plant had never been documented before. The name ‘Impatiens selvasinghii’ was chosen to honor Professor Selva Singh Richard’s two decades of dedicated botanical research and mentorship in the Western Ghats. The findings were published in the esteemed international journal Taiwania.
Botanical Characteristics
Impatiens selvasinghii is recognised for its smallest flower size in the balsam family in the Western Ghats. It has prominently lobed wing petals which set it apart from related species. Its small flowers are visited by very small insects that rely on it when searching for food, indicating a special ecological relationship.
Ecological and Conservation Significance
In India, the genus ‘Impatiens’ comprises over 280 species, primarily located in the Eastern Himalayas and Western Ghats. Out of these, 210 species are endemic to India, with 130 found exclusively in the Western Ghats. Alarmingly, around 80% of these taxa in the Western Ghats are considered endangered. The habitat of this new species is situated along a well-trodden trekking path, raising concerns about the impact of over-tourism and the potential risks it poses to this rare plant.
Research and Future Studies
The lead researcher, P Bharath Simha Yadav, plans to study the ecological role of ‘Impatiens selvasinghii’ further. This includes its interactions with other plants and insects. Such studies are crucial for understanding ecosystem dynamics and formulating conservation strategies.
Significance of the Western Ghats
The Western Ghats is a global biodiversity hotspot known for its high levels of endemism. This discovery reinforces the region’s status as a centre of botanical diversity. It also marks the need for sustainable tourism and habitat protection to preserve rare species.
