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Biology - Short questions and answers for competitive exams

Questions
61 Number of chromosomes present in gorilla is:
A 46
B 44
C 48
D 50

Answer: Option [C]

Number of chromosomes present in gorilla is 48. Humans have 46 chromosomes, whereas chimpanzee, gorilla, and orangutan have 48.

62 Allosomes are the name of
A sex chromosomes
B swellings on the chromosomes
C chromosomes other than the ones which determine sex
D nucleolus organising regions or chromosomes

Answer: Option [A]

Allosomes are the name of sex chromosomes. A sex chromosome (also referred to as an allosome, heterotypical chromosome, gonosome, heterochromosome, or idiochromosome) is a chromosome that differs from an ordinary autosome in form, size, and behavior.

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63 In humans, the sex chromosome complement is
A XX-XY
B XX-XO
C ZO-ZZ
D ZW-ZZ

Answer: Option [A]

In humans, the sex chromosome complement is XX-XY.

64 Diploid chromosome number in humans is
A 46
B 44
C 48
D 42

Answer: Option [A]

Diploid chromosome number in humans is 46. A diploid cell has two complete sets of chromosomes. Most cells in humans are diploid, comprising 23 chromosome pairs, so 46 chromosomes in total.

65 A chromosome with sub-terminal centromere is
A Acentric
B Acrocentric
C Metacentric
D Telocentric

Answer: Option [B]

A chromosome with sub-terminal centromere is Acrocentric. A chromosome where the centromere is not central and is instead located near the end of the chromosome. Humans usually have five pairs of acrocentric autosomes (chromosomes 13, 14, 15, 21, 22). The Y chromosome is also acrocentric.

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