NCERT - Class 12 Biology Questions and Answers from Chapter "Evolution" | GkSeries

Questions
16 Which one of the followings is also called Sewall Wright Effect?
1 Gene Pool
2 Gene flow
3 Genetic Drift
4 Isolation

Answer: Genetic Drift
17 When two species of different genealogy come to resemble each other as a result of adaptation, the phenomenon is termed:
1 Microevolution
2 Divergent evolution
3 Convergent evolution
4 Co-evolution

Answer: Convergent evolution

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18 Select the correct statement from the following:
1 Fitness is the end result of the ability to adapt and gets selected by nature
2 Darwinian variations are small and directionless
3 Mutations are random and directional
4 All mammals except whales and camels have seven cervical vertebrae

Answer: Fitness is the end result of the ability to adapt and gets selected by nature
19 Evolution of different species in a given area starting from a point and spreading to other geographical areas is known as
1 Migration
2 Divergent evolution
3 Adaptive radiation
4 Natural selection

Answer: Adaptive radiation
20 The idea of Natural selection as the fundamental process of evolutionary changes was reached
1 Independently by Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace in 1900.
2 By Charles Darwin in 1866.
3 By Alfred Russel Wallace in 1901.
4 Independently by Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace in 1859

Answer: Independently by Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace in 1859
21 Analogous structures are
1 Anatomically similar and functioning similarly
2 Anatomically similar but performing different functions
3 Anatomically different but performing similar functions
4 Anatomically different and functioning differentl

Answer: Anatomically different but performing similar functions
22 An important evidence in favor of organic evolution is the occurrence of
1 Homologous organs only
2 Analogous and vestigial organs
3 Homologous and vestigial organs
4 Homologous and analogous organs

Answer: Homologous and vestigial organs
23 Jurassic period of the Mesozoic era characterized by
1 Dinosaurs become extinct and angiosperms appear
2 Radiation of reptiles and origin of mammal like reptiles
3 Gymnosperms are dominant plants and first birds appear
4 Flowering plants and first dinosaurs appear

Answer: Gymnosperms are dominant plants and first birds appear
24 Organic compounds first evolved in earth required for origin of life were
1 Proteins and Amino acids
2 Urea and Amino acids
3 Proteins and Nucleic acids
4 Urea and Nucleic acids

Answer: Proteins and Nucleic acids
25 Which one of the following statements is correct?
1 There is no evidence of the existence of gills during embryogenesis of mammals
2 Stem cells are specialized cells
3 Ontogeny repeats phylogeny
4 All plant and animal cells are totipotent

Answer: Ontogeny repeats phylogeny
26 What was the most significant trend in the evolution of modern man (Homo sapiens) from his ancestors?
1 Increasing cranial capacity
2 Upright posture
3 Shortening of jaws
4 Binocular vision

Answer: Increasing cranial capacity
27 Which one of the following experiments suggests that simplest living organisms could not have originated spontaneously from nonliving matter
1 Microbes did not appear in stored meat
2 Meat was not spoiled, when heated and kept sealed in a vessel
3 Larva could appear in decaying organic matter
4 Microbes appeared form unsterilized organic matte

Answer: Meat was not spoiled, when heated and kept sealed in a vessel
28 Which one of the followings is incorrect about genetic drift?
1 Random change in allele frequency in a population
2 Significant only in large populations
3 A mechanism for the evolution of new species
4 Founder effect is a special case

Answer: Significant only in large populations
29 Which one of the following is incorrect about the characteristics of protobionts (coacervates and microspheres) as envisaged in the abiogenic origin of life?
1 They could maintain an internal environment
2 They were able to reproduce
3 They could separate combinations of molecules from the surroundings
4 They were partially isolated from the surroundings

Answer: They could separate combinations of molecules from the surroundings
30 Selective breeding of organisms (Animal husbandry and plant breeding programs) for specific desirable characteristics are examples of
1 Mutation
2 Artificial selection
3 Reverse evolution
4 Natural selection

Answer: Artificial selection

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